Bursa is one of the country’s oldest cities and holds great historical significance. It was the first capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until 1365, before the capital moved to Edirne and later to Istanbul. Bursa is often referred to as “Yesil Bursa” (Green Bursa) due to its lush parks and gardens, and it is known for its rich cultural heritage, including its contributions to art, architecture, and the silk trade. The city played a crucial role in the development of Ottoman architecture and culture, serving as a center for the arts, education, and commerce. Bursa is also famous for its thermal baths, which have been used since Roman times, and its proximity to Mount Uludağ, a popular destination for winter sports and nature activities.
Bursa Highlights:
- Best time to visit April to June and September to October.
- Ulu Camii (Grand Mosque): Built in the 14th century, this mosque is a stunning example of early Ottoman architecture. It features 20 domes and beautiful calligraphy, making it a significant religious and cultural landmark.
- Koza Han: This historic silk market, built in the 15th century, was a center for the silk trade. Visitors can explore its charming courtyard, shops, and cafes, and learn about Bursa's silk production history.
- Green Mosque (Yeşil Camii): Known for its exquisite tile work and intricate calligraphy, this mosque was built in the 15th century and is part of a larger complex that includes a tomb and a medrese (Islamic school).
- Tomb of Osman Gazi and Orhan Gazi: The burial sites of the founders of the Ottoman Empire, Osman Gazi and his son Orhan Gazi, are located in Bursa. These tombs are significant for understanding the early history of the Ottomans.
- Bursa City Museum: This museum showcases the history and culture of Bursa through various exhibits, including artifacts from the Ottoman period, traditional clothing, and local crafts.
- Thermal Baths: Bursa is famous for its thermal baths, such as the Çekirge Baths, which have been used since Roman times. These baths are known for their healing properties and are a popular destination for relaxation.
- Mount Uludağ: This mountain, located just outside Bursa, is a popular destination for skiing in the winter and hiking in the summer. It offers stunning views of the surrounding area and is home to diverse flora and fauna.
- Bursa Grand Bazaar: A vibrant market where visitors can shop for local handicrafts, textiles, spices, and traditional Turkish goods. The bazaar reflects the city's rich commercial history.
- Emir Sultan Mosque and Tomb: This mosque and tomb complex is dedicated to Emir Sultan, a prominent figure in early Ottoman history. The site is known for its beautiful architecture and serene gardens.
- Historic Houses of Bursa: The city features well-preserved Ottoman-era houses, particularly in the Cumalıkızık village, which provide insight into traditional Ottoman architecture and lifestyle.